Pennsaid therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. Towheed TE. J Rheum. 2006 Mar;33(3):567-73.

Efficacy of topical diclofenac in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis - Results from four long-term (4 to 12 WEEKS) randomized controlled trials. Zhang W, Doherty M, Thomas L, and Shainhouse J. Ann Rheum Dis Jun 2005; 64: 1560.

A comparative trial of oral versus topical diclofenac in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Tugwell PS, Wells GA, Shainhouse JZ. Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62(Suppl I):73 (Abstract OP0027).

Equivalence study of a topical diclofenac solution (Pennsaid^® ) compared with oral diclofenac in the symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial. Tugwell PS, Wells GA, Shainhouse JZ. J Rheum 2004;31:2002-12.

A U.S., multi-center, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, clinical trial of diclofenac topical solution (PENNSAID^®) in the treatment of the symptoms of primary osteoarthritis of the knee. Roth SH, Shainhouse JZ. Ann Rheum Dis 2002;61(Suppl I):125 (Abstract THU0221).

Efficacy and safety of a topical diclofenac solution (PENNSAID^®) in the treatment of primary osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical trial. Roth, SH. and Shainhouse, JZ. Arch Intern Med 61 (Supplement 1): 125, 2002.

Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee with a topical diclofenac solution: a randomized controlled, 6-week trial. Baer PA, Thomas LM, Shainhouse Z. [ISRCTN53366886]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2005, 6:44 doi:10.1186/1471-2474-6-44.

Effect of a topical diclofenac solution for relieving symptoms of primary osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial. AAM, Williams KSA, Shainhouse JZ. CMAJ 2004;171:333-8.

A multi-centre, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of diclofenac topical lotion (PENNSAID^®) in the treatment of the symptoms of primary osteoarthritis of the knee. Baer P, Williams K, Markus G, and Shainhouse JZ. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001;40(Suppl 1):107 (Abstract 300).

A multicenter study of diclofenac topical lotion (PENNSAID^®) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Bookman AAM, Shainhouse JZ, Williams K. Arthritis Rheum 1999;42(Suppl 9):S142 (Abstract 432).

A multicenter study of diclofenac topical lotion (PENNSAID^®) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Bookman A, Shainhouse JZ, Williams K. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1999;7(Suppl A):S31 (Abstract 121).

In vivo bioavailability and metabolism of topical diclofenac lotion in human volunteers. Hui X, Hewitt PG, Poblete N, Maibach HI, Shainhouse JZ, Wester RC. Pharm Res 1998;15:1589-95.

In vitro cutaneous disposition of a topical diclofenac lotion in human skin: effect of a multi-dose regimen. Hewitt PG, Poblete N, Wester RC, Maibach HI, Shainhouse JZ. Pharm Res 1998;15:988-92.

Enhanced human nail drug delivery: Nail inner drug content assayed by unique method. Hui, X., Shainhouse, J.Z., Tanoyo, H., Anigbogu, A., Markus, G.E., Maibach, H.I. and Wester, R.C. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 91(1): 189-195, 2002.

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